ESM Briefs | European Stability Mechanism

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Assessing macro-financial risks: a look under the hood of the ESM’s country-level “Growth-at-Risk” model

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Energy security and economic growth: lessons from recent energy shocks in the EU

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Public investment in ageing societies: rethinking fiscal stimulus in structurally tight labour markets

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Debt sustainability analysis under uncertainty: mapping the past into the future

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Capital markets in the Baltic region: a deep dive

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Employment gains, productivity strains: Sectoral shifts and new geography of growth in the euro area

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Ageing and demand for safe assets in the euro area

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Population ageing and productivity: The innovation channel